目前最大的限制是属性必须是可变的（译者注：即可写的），对象初始化器才能工作：它们首先调用对象的构造函数(本例中是默认的无参数构造函数)，然后赋值给属性 setter。

仅初始化(init-only)属性解决了这个问题！它引入了一个 init 访问器，它是 set 访问器的变体，只能在对象初始化时调用：

public class Person
{
public string FirstName { get; init; }
public string LastName { get; init; }
}
有了这个声明，上面的客户端代码仍然是合法的，但是随后对 FirstName 和 LastName 属性的任何赋值都是错误的。

初始化(init) 访问器和只读(readonly)字段
因为 init 访问器只能在初始化期间调用，所以允许它们更改封闭类的只读(readonly)字段，就像在构造函数中一样。

public class Person
{
private readonly string firstName;
private readonly string lastName;

public string FirstName
{
get => firstName;
init => firstName = (value ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(FirstName)));
}
public string LastName
{
get => lastName;
init => lastName = (value ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(LastName)));
}
}
二、记录（record）
译者注：
原文中声明一个记录的 data class ** 联合关键字现在已经变成 record 关键字了，所以翻译过程中做了修正。

如果您想使单个属性不可变，那么仅初始化(init-only)属性是极好的。如果您想要整个对象是不可变的，行为像一个值，那么你应该考虑声明它为一个记录(record)

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